Israeli Defense Minister Yoav Gallant has signed administrative memorandums allowing the confiscation of funds paid to five senior Hamas officials working in Europe, amounting to more than $1 million, according to Israel Hayom newspaper.
The new step is part of an ongoing campaign by the security establishment in Israel, in partnership with the General Security Service and the Israeli Bureau for Combating Terrorist Financing, aiming to thwart the Hamas movement’s organizational infrastructure and financial resources within the European Union (EU).
The memorandums claimed that these senior officials worked within the framework of a foreign branch of Hamas, led by Khaled Meshaal, to raise funds and gain public support.
Israel says hundreds of thousands of dollars were transferred to these people to promote Hamas’ activities within the EU.
Israeli media reported that Hamas activists reside in Germany, the Netherlands, Austria, and Italy.
In the past few years, the Israeli security services have increased monitoring of the routes and transfers of Hamas funds, including money transferred to the movement in the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and abroad.
The army intelligence monitored Palestinian money exchangers in the West Bank, Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip and thwarted hundreds of money transfers.
Israel closed accounts, seized assets in West Bank banks, killed a money exchanger in Gaza, closed institutions, and began following up the movement’s money transfers from abroad.
About a week ago, investigators in the Netherlands arrested a man and his daughter on charges of sending $5.4 million to Hamas in violation of EU sanctions, according to the public prosecution office.
The man, 55, and his old daughter, 22, from Leidschendam near The Hague, were arrested on June 22 on suspicion of providing extensive financing to Hamas.
Investigators found the money during house searches in Leidschendam, a business in Rotterdam, and a bank account of about 750,000 euros.
The public prosecution office said the pair are suspected of sending about 5.5 million euros ($6 million) to bodies “related to the organization Hamas, which was sanctioned in 2003.”
The father and daughter “are also suspected of participating in a criminal organization whose purpose is to support Hamas financially,” the prosecution statement said. They remain in custody. Their names were not released, in line with Dutch privacy regulations.
The European Union blacklisted Hamas after the September 11, 2001 attacks that targeted New York and Washington.
Israel works closely with the US and Europe to prosecute the movement’s funding sources.
A leader of the Druze community in Israel, Sheikh Mowaffaq Tarif, said the plan that the government began discussing to improve the conditions of the community and bridge the gaps in housing, planning and development was insufficient and lacked several factors.
In a letter to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, he demanded the removal of financial fines and legal procedures against members of the Druze community who had built their homes on their own lands. He also put forward a demand for the enactment of laws to establish the status of the Bani Maarouf community.
Days before the Eid al-Adha holiday, the Druze in Israel said they were ready to take unprecedented steps against the government if it did not stop a wind turbine project on their lands in the occupied Golan Heights.
The giant project was approved by the government years ago, but the area residents thwarted the first attempt to implement it in 2020, deeming the entire project a “declaration of war.”
The protestors assert that the turbines would destroy the land, crops and the environment, while the government argues that the project aims to provide electricity to about 50,000 families.
The confrontation over the turbine project came at a time when the Druze had warned the government against proceeding with the “Zionist Law”, which they said would turn them into second-class citizens.
The draft-law, which was put forward by the “Jewish Power” party, led by the extremist minister Itamar Ben-Gvir, seeks to give the “values” of “Zionism” greater status than any other basic laws, like democracy and the right to equality.
The bill, if approved, will guarantee the government’s directive to all ministries to uphold “Zionist values” in all fields, the most important of which are privileges granted to those who served in the army, security forces and combat military service. It also covers settlements, including pushing forward a plan to Judaize the Negev and Galilee.
The Druze are heavily engaged in the Israeli army. The percentage of recruits from the Druze community is among the highest, and exceeds that of Jewish soldiers, including within combat units.
In an attempt to appease the anger of the Druze community, the government began on Sunday discussions to approve a new plan that aims to establish new neighborhoods for demobilized soldiers.
Netanyahu told ministers that the cry of the members of the Bani Maarouf confession “has reached the government, which is working to resolve it.”
Iraq will be taking several measures against the Iraqi refugee who burnt a copy of the Quran outside a mosque in Stockholm, including asking the Swedish authorities to hand him over for trial, the Iraqi Consul General in Jeddah, Mohammad al-Naqshbandi, told Asharq Al-Awsat on Sunday.
On the first day of Eid al-Adha, an Iraqi refugee stomped on and burnt pages of the Islamic holy book outside a mosque in Stockholm . Swedish authorities authorized the protest under freedom of expression and assembly.
Naqshbandi, Iraq’s delegate to the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), explained that the government had called for a high-level meeting.
He regretted the recurrence of such actions against the Holy Quran and even more that the person in question is of Iraqi origin this time.
“It pains us that this act took place on the first day of the Muslim Eid and in front of a mosque where the blessed Eid Al-Adha prayer was held”, he said.
Naqshbandi indicated that Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Al-Sudani and Foreign Minister Fuad Hussein took several steps, including contacting the UN Sec-Gen. in this regard.
Hussein received a phone call from his Swedish counterpart Tobias Billstrom to discuss the incident.
The Foreign Ministry summoned the Swedish Ambassador, Jessica Svardstrom, and notified her of Iraq’s strong protest over her government’s permission for an extremist to burn a copy of the Quran.
Naqshbandi explained that under Iraqi law, the head of the Supreme Judicial Council, Judge Faeq Zaidan, took legal action against the Iraqi person who burned a copy of the Holy Quran and had not acquired Swedish citizenship yet.
Among the legal measures, Iraq demanded he be repatriated, under the article mentioned in the Iraqi constitution regarding insulting Islamic sanctities.
Asharq Al-Awsat asked the diplomat about the motives for this act, and Naqshbandi explained that some institutions or parties push for such actions.
The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) held an extraordinary meeting of the open-ended Executive Committee to discuss measures and the repercussions of the incident. Naqshbandi described the final statement as solid and practical.
The OIC called for unified and collective measures to prevent the recurrence of acts of desecration of the Quran
The Lebanese army contained on Sunday sectarian tensions between Christian and Muslim areas in northern Lebanon in wake of shooting over a water and farming dispute.
Haitham Tawk was shot dead on Saturday in the Qornet al-Sawda region that is located between the predominantly Christian city of Bsharri and predominantly Muslim city of Bekaa Safrine. The area is usually at the heart of farming and water disputes between the two cities.
In a statement, the army said one person was shot dead in Qornet al-Sawda. Another, Malek Tawk, was shot some time later. The military then deployed in the area to investigate the incident. It arrested a number of people and seized weapons.
The army had set up a training base in Qornet al-Sawda.
It reiterated a warning it had issued on June 12, advising people against approaching the base for their safety.
Qornet al-Sawda is Lebanon’s highest area and is practically uninhabited. It lies between predominantly Christian and Muslim regions and witnesses agricultural activity in the summer by farmers from Bsharri and Bekaa Safrine.
Security sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that disputes over irrigation and water to feed livestock often erupt in the area.
A water dispute had erupted in June when cattle were shot dead, forcing the army to intervene. It then set up its training base there in order to deter such armed disputes from happening.
The tensions escalated on Saturday with the killing of Haitham Tawk, added the sources.
They declined to confirm whether he was shot by sniper fire, as claimed by local media, saying a probe will reveal the details of the incident.
The situation escalated further between the two sides, leading to a clash, and forcing the army to intervene.
MP Setrida Geagea of Bsharri and army commander Joseph Aoun held telephone talks to address the situation. More military reinforcements were brought in to contain the tensions.
Another shooting was reported in which Malek Tawk was killed. The shooter remains unknown and a probe is ongoing.
The sources revealed that 13 people from the al-Dinnieh region and six from Bsharri were arrested.
They stressed that the army helped “avert sectarian strife.”
The army commander is determined to prevent strife, they added.
Caretaker Prime Minister Najib Mikati telephoned Geagea to say that he would personally oversee the probe and ensure that justice prevails.
Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri contacted MP Faisal Karami, urging him to wisely handle the situation.
He called on the residents of Bekaa Safrine and al-Dinnieh to exercise restraint, ignore rumors and wait for the probe to release its findings.
Head of the Lebanese Forces Samir Geagea received on Saturday telephone calls from Grand Mufti Sheikh Abdul Latif Derian and a number of lawmakers, who expressed their strong condemnation of the incident.
They offered their condolences to the families of the victims and the people of Bsharri.
They stressed the need for the investigation to swiftly uncover the criminals so that justice can take its course as soon as possible.
Maronite Patriarch Beshara al-Rahi said: “We are relying on the army to impose security and the people of Bsharri to show restraint.”
Israeli drones struck targets in the occupied West Bank early Monday and hundreds of troops were deployed in the area, an incursion that resembled the wide-scale military operations carried out during the second Palestinian uprising two decades ago. Palestinian health officials said at least five Palestinians were killed.
Troops remained inside the Jenin refugee camp Monday, pushing ahead with the largest operation in the area during more than a year of fighting. It came at a time of growing domestic pressure for a tough response to a series of attacks on Israeli settlers – including a shooting attack last week that killed four people, The Associated Press said.
Black smoke rose from the crowded streets of the camp as the military pressed on. Electricity was cut off in some parts and military bulldozers were plowing through narrow streets — another reminder of Israel’s incursions during the last uprising. The Palestinians and neighboring Jordan condemned the violence.
Lt. Col. Richard Hecht, an army spokesman, said the operation began just after 1 a.m. with an airstrike on a building used by gunmen for planning attacks. He said the goal of the operation was to destroy and confiscate weapons.
“We’re not planning to hold ground,” he said. “We’re acting against specific targets.”
He said that a brigade-sized force — roughly 2,000 soldiers — was taking part in the operation, and that military drones had carried out a series of strikes to clear the way for the ground forces. Although Israel has carried out isolated airstrikes in the West Bank in recent weeks, Hecht said Monday’s series of strikes marked an escalation unseen since 2006 — the end of the Palestinian uprising.
While Israel described the attack as a pinpoint operation, smoke billowed from within the crowded camp, with mosque minarets nearby. Ambulances raced toward a hospital, where the wounded were brought in on stretchers.
Armored bulldozers drove through narrow streets to clear the way for troops, damaging property in their path. Residents reported electricity was cut off in large areas of the camp.
According to the official Palestinian news agency Wafa, the military blocked roads within the camp, took over houses and buildings and set up snipers on rooftops.
The Palestinian Health Ministry said at least five Palestinians were killed and 27 injured Monday, three of them critically.
In a separate incident, a 21-year-old Palestinian was killed by Israeli fire near the West Bank city of Ramallah, the ministry said.
“Our Palestinian people will not kneel, will not surrender, will not raise the white flag, and will remain steadfast on their land in the face of this brutal aggression,” Nabil Abu Rudeineh, a spokesman for the Palestinian president, said in a statement.
Jordan called for Israel to halt its raids into the West Bank.
The Jenin camp and an adjacent town of the same name have been a flashpoint as Israeli-Palestinian violence escalated since the spring of 2022. Jenin has long been a bastion for armed struggle against Israel and was a major friction point in the last Palestinian uprising.
In 2002, days after a Palestinian suicide bombing during a large Passover gathering killed 30 people, Israeli troops launched a massive operation in the Jenin camp. For eight days and nights they fought gunmen street by street, using armored bulldozers to destroy rows of homes, many of which had been booby-trapped.
Monday’s raid came two weeks after another violent confrontation in Jenin and after the military said a rocket was fired from the area last week, which landed in the West Bank.
“There has been a dynamic here around Jenin for the last year,” Hecht said, defending Monday’s tactics. “It’s been intensifying all the time.”
But there also may have been political considerations at play. Leading members of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s far-right government, which is dominated by West Bank settlers and their supporters, have been calling for a broader military response to the ongoing violence in the area.
“Proud of our heroes on all fronts and this morning especially of our soldiers operating in Jenin,” National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir, an ultranationalist who recently called for Israel to kill “thousands” of “militants” if necessary, tweeted. “Praying for their success.”
Monday’s events bring the death toll of Palestinians killed this year in the West Bank to 133, part of more than a yearlong spike in violence that has seen some of the worst bloodshed in that area in nearly two decades.
The outburst of violence escalated last year after a spate of Palestinian attacks prompted Israel to step up its raids in the West Bank.
Israel says the raids are meant to beat back “militants”. The Palestinians say such violence is inevitable in the absence of any political process with Israel and increased West Bank settlement construction and violence by extremist settlers. They see the intensifying Israeli military presence in the area as an entrenchment of Israel’s 56-year open-ended occupation of the territory.
Israel says most of those killed have been “militants”, but stone-throwing youths protesting the incursions and also people not involved in the confrontations have also been killed.
Palestinian attacks against Israelis since the start of this year have killed 24 people.
Israel captured the West Bank, east Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip in the 1967 Mideast war. The Palestinians seek those territories for their hoped-for independent state.
Clashes between Sudan’s army and paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) intensified on Sunday, as the war in the country’s capital and western regions entered its 12th week with no attempts in sight to bring a peaceful end to the conflict.
Air and artillery strikes as well as small arms fire could be heard, particularly in the city of Omdurman, as well as in the capital Khartoum, as the conflict deepens a humanitarian crisis and threatens to draw in other regional interests, Reuters said.
The RSF said it brought down an army warplane and a drone in Bahri, in statements to which the army did not immediately respond.
“We’re terrified, every day the strikes are getting worse,” 25-year-old Nahid Salah, living in northern Omdurman, said by phone to Reuters.
The RSF has dominated the capital on the ground and has been accused of looting and occupying houses, while the army has focused on air and artillery strikes.
Army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan last week called on young men to join the fight against the RSF and on Sunday the army posted photos it said were of new recruits.
The Sudanese Doctors Union accused the RSF on Saturday of raiding the Shuhada hospital, one of the few still operating in the country, and killing a staff member. The RSF denied the accusation.
The war has also hit cities in the western Kordofan and Darfur regions, in particular the westernmost city of El Geneina, where the RSF and Arab militias have been accused of ethnic cleansing.
The Combating Violence Against Women Unit, a government agency, said on Saturday it had recorded 88 cases of sexual assault, which it said was a fraction of the likely real total, in Khartoum, El Geneina, and Nyala, capital of South Darfur, with victims in most cases accusing the RSF.
Talks hosted in Jeddah and sponsored by the United States and Saudi Arabia were suspended last month, while a mediation attempt by East African countries was criticized by the army as it accused Kenya of bias.
Last week, army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and his deputy on the country’s Sovereign Council Malik Agar expressed openness to any mediation attempts by Turkey or Russia, though no official efforts have been announced.
Measures taken by the Yemeni and Djiboutian authorities reduced the flow rate of migrants from the Horn of Africa to Yemen by 15 percent during the month of May, according to the data of the regional report of the International Organization for Migration (IOM).
According to the report, the Horn of Africa and Yemen represent the world’s busiest and most dangerous migration corridor, with hundreds of thousands of migrants often relying on smugglers to facilitate their movement along the eastern route.
But the report stressed that the number of arrivals to Yemen decreased by 15 percent during the month of May, compared to April.
The report attributed this decrease to the security raids carried out by the Yemeni authorities in Lahj governorate, which it said has raised the fears of smugglers, and led to a decrease in the number of arrivals across the Lahj coast by 25 percent over the past month.
In its report, the IOM said that most migrants were looking for better economic opportunities (83 percent), while 17 percent said were forced to leave because of conflict, violence, or persecution in their countries. Women and children represent about a quarter of all arrivals.
In contrast to this decrease in the coasts of Lahj on the Red Sea, an increase of 72 percent was registered in the number of migrants from Somalia, during the same period.
According to the report, this “is linked to the increasing number of migrants arriving on the coasts of Shabwa Governorate on the Arabian Sea, after the temporary truce between the conflicting parties in the Somali region of Bari, which is one of the main routes used by smugglers.”
The organization stated that the Yemeni authorities have re-launched campaigns to arrest certain groups of smugglers, but linked this move to “alleged disputes between smugglers and local authorities.”
The IOM also reviewed the measures taken on the other side of the Bab al-Mandab Strait in Djibouti, and reported a 10 percent decrease in the entry of migrants there from April.
In an effort to escape from the measures taken by the Djiboutian and Yemeni authorities on both sides of the Red Sea, the report stated that increased interest was detected among smugglers in the use of the sea route from Somalia to Shabwa Governorate on the coasts of the Arabian Sea.
The organization said that although most of the migration from Somalia was economically motivated, 37 percent of people were on forced journeys, either because of food insecurity or because of natural disasters.
The organization expected this trend to continue in the coming months, leading to the arrival of an increasing number of irregular Ethiopian migrants, refugees and asylum seekers to the region. It added that many of them would use Somalia as a gateway to the Arabian Peninsula, while others might choose to settle in and around Hargeisa.
The organization had expected the number of African migrants arriving in Yemen to exceed 160,000 during the current year – the highest number recorded in the last five years.
The Lebanese judiciary has launched an investigation into the death of a six-year-old girl, following a sexual assault, as individual crimes continue to shake the society.
Local media reported the death of Lynn Talib, who had been staying for the past eight days in the house of her maternal grandparents in the Minieh region in northern Lebanon, after the divorce of her parents.
Al-Markaziah News Agency reported that two separate forensic doctors’ reports confirmed that she had been raped prior to her death.
According to available information, the mother of the child rushed to Al-Minieh Governmental Hospital, after her temperature rose, before returning home with her, although the doctor had requested her immediate admission to the hospital. The next day, the little girl died at her grandparents’ house.
A forensic doctor’s report pointed to bruises on the child’s face and swelling of the lips, and confirmed that she had been sexually assaulted. Her father’s family filed a lawsuit against her mother’s parents.
While the crime shook Lebanese public opinion, the Lebanese judiciary opened an investigation into the incident.
The official National News Agency (NNA) reported that the Public Prosecution Office in the North sent two forensic doctors to conduct the medical examination in order to draw up a report detailing the child’s health condition that led to her death.
In parallel, the Ministry of Health announced in a statement that it was “following up the circumstances of the death of the child, who was transferred twice on the same day to Al-Minieh Governmental Hospital.”
Lynn’s tragic death follows a series of individual crimes that took place during the past weeks in Lebanon, including a 75-year-old man killing his wife at home in the town of Al-Adaiseh in southern Lebanon, with a hunting rifle. The man turned himself in to the police.
In the Qornet al-Sawda area near the town of Bsharri in northern Lebanon, a young man, Haitham Tawk, was found killed by snipers. The Lebanese army used the air force to search for the perpetrators, while calls mounted for calm and restraint.
Member of the Fatah Central Committee Abbas Zaki described the Oslo Accords as a process of “political decline,” saying the agreement signed with Israel in 1993 ended with the death of Palestinian President Yasser Arafat in 2004.
Zaki said that the Palestinian Authority must end, now and forever, anything related to Oslo, which Israel uses as it pleases.
In an interview with the Arab World News agency, the official called for restoring the role of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) as a basic reference for the Palestinian people through elections for a national council and a new leadership with a determined strategy.
He stressed that the Israeli government led by the extreme right, headed by Benjamin Netanyahu, wants to resolve and not manage the conflict with the Palestinians, reiterating that “all Israeli racist attempts are failed and hopeless in the face of the steadfastness of the Palestinian people.”
The official pointed out that the right and left Israelis believed for 75 years that Jerusalem is the capital of Israel and that the West Bank is the Promised Land.
He described Israel as the enemy of the Palestinian people, the whole nation, and humanity.
Zaki called on the Palestinian leadership to develop a comprehensive and integrated strategy to confront Israel and its Zionist project.
– Distortion of power
The Fatah member saw that Israel wanted to distort the image Palestinian Authority by claiming it was bankrupt.
He admitted that the PA was going through a significant economic crisis, preventing it from fulfilling its obligations, including paying total salaries, but asserted that the situation does not affect the work of the Authority and its institutions.
Zaki said that only five percent of the Palestinian people support peace with Israel, while 95 percent reject it.
Addressing the role of the security services in protecting the Palestinians from settler attacks in the West Bank, he stressed that the members of the security services need a political decision.
– People’s cause
At the same time, Zaki stressed the necessity of having the will and capabilities of the Palestinian people to confront the Israeli plan, represented by the annexation and settlement process announced by the Netanyahu government.
He warned that it was not permissible for some factions to hide in their homes while citizens and resistance fighters took to the streets to repel the attacks of the occupation army and its settlers.
Zaki explained that some factions carry out “seasonal attacks” against the Israeli army, firing two or three missiles to be part of the movement.
He asserted that the Palestinian cause is not a specific faction’s issue but a significant people’s cause.
Zaki said that most Islamic Jihad and Hamas members were from the Fatah movement, calling on all Palestinian factions to put Israel as the number one enemy and avoid internal disagreements.
The Fatah official considered that the Palestinian reconciliation had stalled after the Algiers announcement, denying that any meeting had recently brought together leaders from his movement with Hamas.
Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas has mourned Qadri Abu Bakr, a member of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Chairman of the Detainees and Ex-Detainees Commission, who died in a tragic traffic accident in the northern West Bank.
The President eulogized Abu Bakr “as a strong freedom fighter who has spent his life defending Palestine, its cause, its people, and its independent national decision,” praising his role and work for the Palestinian state.
Abbas expressed on Saturday his “deep condolences to the family of Abu Bark, the whole people of Palestine, and all the free people of the World on the death of the Palestinian freedom fighter.”
The Red Crescent announced that Abu Bakr, his wife, and another citizen died in a traffic accident in Jama’in, south of Nablus, in the northern West Bank.
He was returning from Ramallah after attending with Abbas a celebration for the children of Palestinian detainees in Israeli prisons.
Prime Minister Mohammad Shtayyeh, Secretary of the Executive Committee of the PLO Hussein al-Sheikh, the National Council, the Prisoners’ Authority, the Hamas movement, and Palestinian officials and factions mourned Abu Bakr and praised his role.
Abu Bakr was born in Biddya, west of Salfit, on January 10, 1953. He graduated from high school in the Israeli occupation prisons in 1974. He obtained a bachelor’s degree in political science from Beirut Arab University in 1991.
In 1968, Abu Bakr became a Fatah member, then received military training in its camps in Jordan and the camps of the Palestine Liberation Army in Iraq.
The late minister was imprisoned for 17 years by Israel for his role in the resistance and for participating in transporting weapons. In 1986, he was exiled to Iraq.
He was appointed director of the office of Fatah’s Khalil al-Wazir, assassinated by Israel in Tunisia in 1988.
In 1996, he returned to the West Bank, and in 2009, he was appointed as a member of the Administrative Committee of the National Authority and assumed responsibility for the Israeli file and archive after participating in Fatah’s 6th General Conference.
In 2016, he was named a Revolutionary Council of Fatah member.
Two years later, he was appointed head of the Commission for Prisoners and Ex-Prisoners Affairs within the Palestine Liberation Organization, and the following year he became the minister, with a membership at the National Council.
While in prison, Abu Bakr published two books in collaboration with others and three other books after his release.
An official and popular burial ceremony at the presidential residence in Ramallah will be held for Abu Bakr before he is laid to rest.
The African Transitional Mission in Somalia (ATMIS) said it has completed the first phase of a troop reduction aimed at eventually putting security fully in the hands of the national army and police.
It said in a statement that a total of seven bases had been handed over to Somali security forces, enabling the drawdown of 2,000 troops by the June 30 deadline.
ATMIS chief logistics officer Bosco Sibondavyi described the handover as an “important milestone” in the implementation of the Somalia Transition Plan and UN Security Council resolutions on the transfer of security responsibility, AFP reported.
The Security Council on Tuesday renewed for six months its authorization of the AU force, which has a deadline of the end of September for the departure of a further 3,000 soldiers.
The ATMIS contingent had included over 19,000 soldiers and police officers from several African nations including Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda, but will have to be reduced to zero by the end of 2024.
In April 2022, the Council approved the replacement of AMISOM (African Union Mission in Somalia), which had been set up in 2007, by ATMIS, a mission with a reinforced mandate to fight Al-Shabaab militants.
The group, which has links with Al-Qaeda, has been waging a bloody insurgency against the fragile internationally backed government in Mogadishu for more than 15 years.
Its fighters continue to carry out deadly attacks despite a major offensive launched last August by pro-government forces, backed by the AU force and US air strikes.
In the deadliest most recent attack, 54 Ugandan peacekeepers were killed in late May when Al-Shabaab militants stormed an AU base southwest of the capital.
انشئ حساباً خاصاً بك لتحصل على أخبار مخصصة لك ولتتمتع بخاصية حفظ المقالات وتتلقى نشراتنا البريدية المتنوعة